Monday, August 16, 2010

How to install TP-LInk router TL-R402M?

ake sure that You have done everything during the configuration process:

1) Power ON Your router.
2) Connect ADSL cable to router ADSL port.
3) Connect PC / laptop via ethernet cable to router ethernet port.
4) Open web browser and go to: 192.168.1.1 (or 192.168.0.1, it depends)
5) Write default admin login and password (usually admin/admin, admin/password, admin/passwd - it's always written in product manual).
6) Turn ON DHPC server.
7) Turn ON WiFi.
8) Change name of Your wireless network (SSID).
9) Turn on some security functions (WPA encryption for example, however You should turn ON security when all devices will working).

Make sure that without security you have also only local connection - maybe You configured MAC filter or sth else that won't allow You to go to the 'internet'.

Tuesday, June 29, 2010

WoW

Please remember your account information below.
1. What is your fathers middle name? & Iran
2. gaviola24_10@yahoo.com
3. jerry
4. gaviola

Wednesday, June 16, 2010

hello

Samkhya
Main article: Samkhya

Samkhya or Samkhya is the oldest of the orthodox philosophical systems in Hinduism. Samkhya postulates that everything in reality stems from purusha (Sanskrit: पुरुष, self, atma or soul) and prakriti (matter, creative agency or energy). There are many living souls (Jeevatmas) and they possess consciousness. Prakriti consists of three dispositions known as qualities (gunas): activity (rajas), inactivity (tamas) and steadiness (sattva) which arises when the two other gunas are held in equilibrium. Because of the intertwined relationship between the soul and these dispositions, an imbalance in disposition causes the world to evolve. Liberation of the soul happens when it realizes that it is above and beyond these three dispositions. Samkhya is a dualistic philosophy, but there are differences between Samkhya and other forms of dualism. In the West, dualism is between the mind and the body, whereas in Samkhya it is between the soul and matter.[clarification needed] The concept of the atma (soul) is different from the concept of the mind. Soul is absolute reality that is all-pervasive, eternal, indivisible, attributeless, pure consciousness. It is non-matter and is beyond intellect. Originally, Samkhya was not theistic, but in confluence with Yoga it developed a theistic variant.
[edit] Yoga

In Indian philosophy, Yoga is the name of one of the six orthodox philosophical schools.[2] The Yoga philosophical system is closely allied with the Samkhya school.[3] The Yoga school as expounded by Patanjali accepts the Samkhya psychology and metaphysics, but is more theistic than the Samkhya, as evidenced by the addition of a divine entity to the Samkhya's twenty-five elements of reality.[4][5] The parallels between Yoga and Samkhya were so close that Max Müller says that "the two philosophies were in popular parlance distinguished from each other as Samkhya with and Samkhya without a Lord...."[6] The intimate relationship between Samkhya and Yoga is explained by Heinrich Zimmer:

"These two are regarded in India as twins, the two aspects of a single discipline. Sāmkhya provides a basic theoretical exposition of human nature, enumerating and defining its elements, analyzing their manner of co-operation in a state of bondage (bandha), and describing their state of disentanglement or separation in release (mokṣa), while Yoga treats specifically of the dynamics of the process for the disentanglement, and outlines practical techniques for the gaining of release, or 'isolation-integration' (kaivalya)."[7]

The foundational text of the Yoga school is the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, who is regarded as the founder of the formal Yoga philosophy.[8] The Sutras of the Yoga philosophy are ascribed to Patanjali, who may have been, as Max Müller explains, "the author or representative of the Yoga-philosophy without being necessarily the author of the Sutras."[9]
[edit] Nyaya

The Nyaya school is based on the Nyaya Sutras. They were written by Aksapada Gautama, probably in the second century B.C.E. The most important contribution made by this school is its methodology. This methodology is based on a system of logic that has subsequently been adopted by the majority of the Indian schools. This is comparable to the relationship between Western science and philosophy, which was derived largely from Aristotelian logic.

Nevertheless, Nyaya was seen by its followers as more than logical in its own right. They believed that obtaining valid knowledge was the only way to gain release from suffering, and they took great pains to identify valid sources of knowledge and distinguish these from mere false opinions. According to Nyaya, there are exactly four sources of knowledge: perception, inference, comparison, and testimony. Knowledge obtained through each of these is either valid or invalid. Nyaya developed several criteria of validity. In this sense, Nyaya is probably the closest Indian equivalent to analytic philosophy. The later Naiyanikas gave logical proofs for the existence and uniqueness of Ishvara in response to Buddhism, which, at that time, was fundamentally non-theistic. An important later development in Nyaya was the system of Navya-Nyāya.
[edit] Vaisheshika

The Vaisheshika school was founded by Kanada and postulates an atomic pluralism. All objects in the physical universe are reducible to certain types of atoms, and Brahman is regarded as the fundamental force that causes consciousness in these atoms.

Although the Vaisheshika school developed independently from the Nyaya, the two eventually merged because of their closely related metaphysical theories. In its classical form, however, the Vaisheshika school differed from the Nyaya in one crucial respect: where Nyaya accepted four sources of valid knowledge, the Vaisheshika accepted only two—–perception and inference.
[edit] Purva Mimamsa

The main objective of the Purva Mimamsa school was to establish the authority of the Vedas. Consequently, this school's most valuable contribution to Hinduism was its formulation of the rules of Vedic interpretation. Its adherents believe that one must have unquestionable faith in the Vedas and perform the yajñas, or fire-sacrifices, regularly. They believe in the power of the mantras and yajñas to sustain all the activity of the universe. In keeping with this belief, they place great emphasis on dharma, which consists of the performance of Vedic rituals.

The Mimamsa accepted the logical and philosophical teachings of the other schools, but felt they did not sufficiently emphasize attention to right action. They believed that the other schools of thought that aimed for release (moksha) are not allowed for complete freedom from desire and selfishness, because the very striving for liberation stemmed from a simple desire to be free. According to Mimamsa thought, only by acting in accordance with the prescriptions of the Vedas may one attain salvation.

The Mimamsa school later shifted its views and began to teach the doctrines of Brahman and freedom. Its adherents then advocated the release or escape of the soul from its constraints through enlightened activity. Although Mimamsa does not receive much scholarly attention, its influence can be felt in the life of the practising Hindu, because all Hindu ritual, ceremony, and law is influenced by this school.
[edit] Vedanta

The Vedanta, or later Mimamsa school, concentrates on the philosophical teachings of the Upanishads rather than the ritualistic injunctions of the Brahmanas.

While the traditional Vedic rituals continued to be practised as meditative and propitiatory rites, a more knowledge-centered understanding began to emerge. These were mystical aspects of Vedic religion that focused on meditation, self-discipline, and spiritual connectivity, more than traditional ritualism.

The more abstruse Vedanta is the essence of the Vedas, as encapsulated in the Upanishads. Vedantic thought drew on Vedic cosmology, hymns and philosophy. The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad is believed to have appeared as far back as 3,000 years ago. While thirteen or so Upanishads are accepted as principal, over a hundred exist. The most significant contribution of Vedantic thought is the idea that self-consciousness is continuous with and indistinguishable from consciousness of Brahman.

The aphorisms of the Vedanta sutras are presented in a cryptic, poetic style, which allows for a variety of interpretations. Consequently, the Vedanta separated into six sub-schools, each interpreting the texts in its own way and producing its own series of sub-commentaries.
[edit] Advaita

Advaita literally means "non duality." Its first great consolidator was Adi Shankaracharya (788-820), who continued the line of thought of some of the Upanishadic teachers, and that of his teacher's teacher Gaudapada. By analysing the three states of experience—–waking, dreaming, and deep sleep—–he established the singular reality of Brahman, in which the soul and Brahman are one and the same. He saw this form as that of Vishnu. He wrote a thesis on the Vishnu Sahasranama (1008 names of Vishnu), and also composed poems like the Bhaja Govindham instructing people to think about Govinda (Vishnu) all the time. Ishvara is the manifestation of Brahman to human minds under the influence of an illusionary power called Avidya.
[edit] Visishtadvaita
Main article: Visishtadvaita

Ramanujacharya (1040–1137) was the foremost proponent of the concept of the Supreme Being having a definite form, name, and attributes. He saw this form as that of Vishnu, and taught that reality has three aspects: Vishnu, soul (jiva), and matter (prakrti). Vishnu is the only independent reality, while souls and matter are dependent on Vishnu for their existence. Thus, Ramanuja's system is known as qualified non-dualism.
[edit] Dvaita

Madhvacharya (1238–1317) identified Brahman with Vishnu, but his view of reality was pluralistic. According to Dvaita, there are three ultimate realities: Vishnu, soul, and matter. Five distinctions are made: (1) Vishnu is distinct from souls; (2) Vishnu is distinct from matter; (3) Souls are distinct from matter; (4) A soul is distinct from another soul, and (5) Matter is distinct from other matter. Souls are eternal and are dependent upon the will of Vishnu. This theology attempts to address the problem of evil with the idea that souls are not created.
[edit] Dvaitadvaita (Bhedabheda)

Dvaitadvaita was proposed by Nimbarka, a 13th century Vaishnava Philosopher from the Andhra region. According to this philosophy there are three categories of existence: Brahman, soul, and matter. Soul and matter are different from Brahman in that they have attributes and capacities different from Brahman. Brahman exists independently, while soul and matter are dependent. Thus soul and matter have an existence that is separate yet dependent. Further, Brahman is a controller, the soul is the enjoyer, and matter the thing enjoyed. Also, the highest object of worship is Krishna and his consort Radha, attended by thousands of gopis, or cowherdesses; of the celestial Vrindavana; and devotion consists in self-surrender.
[edit] Shuddhadvaita

Shuddhadvaita was proposed by Vallabhacharya (1479–1531), who came from the Andhra region and taught pushti bhakti. His pushtimarg has especially become prominent in Rajasthan and Gujarat.
[edit] Acintya Bheda Abheda
Main article: Achintya Bheda Abheda

Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (1486–1534), was stating that the soul or energy of God is both distinct and non-distinct from God, whom he identified as Krishna, Govinda, and that this, although unthinkable, may be experienced through a process of loving devotion (bhakti).He followed the Dvaita concept of Sri Madhva.[10] This philosophy of "inconceivable oneness and difference" is followed by a number of modern Gaudiya Vaishnava movements, including ISKCON. ISKCON has recently participated in bringing the academic study of Krishna-related philosophies into Western academia through the theological discourse on Krishnology.

Wednesday, January 27, 2010

TYPES of Research Design

Different types of research designs have different advantages and disadvantages.

The design is the structure of any scientific work. It gives direction and systematizes the research.

The method you choose will affect your results and how you conclude the findings. Most scientists are interested in getting reliable observations that can help the understanding of a phenomenon.

There are two main approaches to a research problem:

*Quantitative research design is the standard experimental method of most scientific disciplines.

*Qualitative research design is a research method used extensively by scientists and researchers studying human behavior and habits.
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is regarded as the most accurate form of experimental research, in that it tries to prove or disprove a hypothesis mathematically, with statistical analysis.

For some of the physical sciences, such as physics, chemistry and geology, they are standard and commonly used. For social sciences, psychology and biology, they can be a little more difficult to set up.

For an experiment to be classed as a true experimental design, it must fit all of the following criteria.

* The sample groups must be assigned randomly.

* There must be a viable control group.

* Only one variable can be manipulated and tested. It is possible to test more than one, but such experiments and their statistical analysis tend to be cumbersome and difficult.

* The tested subjects must be randomly assigned to either control or experimental groups.
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is a form of experimental research used extensively in the social sciences and psychology.

Whilst regarded as unscientific and unreliable, by physical and biological scientists, the method is, nevertheless, a very useful method for measuring social variables.

The inherent weaknesses in the methodology do not undermine the validity of the data, as long as they are recognized and allowed for during the whole experimental process.

Quasi experiments resemble quantitative and qualitative experiments, but lack random allocation of groups or proper controls, so firm statistical analysis can be very difficult.
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A is an experimental method used to ensure impartiality, and avoid errors arising from bias.

It is very easy for a researcher, even subconsciously, to influence experimental observations, especially in behavioral science, so this method provides an extra check.

For example, imagine that a company is asking consumers for opinions about its products, using a survey.

There is a distinct danger that the interviewer may subconsciously emphasize the company’s products when asking the questions. This is the major reason why market research companies generally prefer to use computers, and double blind experiments, for gathering important data.
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Descriptive research design is a scientific method which involves observing and describing the behavior of a subject without influencing it in any way.
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Many students are instructed, as part of their research program, to perform a literature review, without always understanding what a literature review is.

Most are aware that it is a process of gathering information from other sources and documenting it, but few have any idea of how to evaluate the information, or how to present it.

A literature review can be a precursor in the introduction of a research paper, or it can be an entire paper in itself, often the first stage of large research projects, allowing the supervisor to ascertain that the student is on the correct path.

A literature review is a critical and in depth evaluation of previous research. It is a summary and synopsis of a particular area of research, allowing anybody reading the paper to establish why you are pursuing this particular research program. A good literature review expands upon the reasons behind selecting a particular research question.
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The have evolved over the past few years as a useful tool for investigating trends and specific situations in many scientific disciplines, especially social science, psychology, anthropology and ecology.
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The survey research design is often used because of the low cost and easy accessible information.
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Meta analysis> is a statistical technique developed by social scientists, who are very limited in the type of experiments they can perform.

Social scientists have great difficulty in designing and implementing true experiments, so meta-analysis gives them a quantitative tool to analyze statistically data drawn from a number of studies, performed over a period of time.

Medicine and psychology increasingly use this method, as a way of avoiding time-consuming and intricate studies, largely repeating the work of previous research.
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Field Study>
For geologists, social scientists and environmental biologists, amongst others, field experiments are an integral part of the discipline.

As the name suggests, a field study is an experiment performed outside the laboratory, in the 'real' world. Unlike case studies and observational studies, a field experiment still follows all of the steps of the scientific process, addressing research problems and generating hypotheses.
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A pilot study> is a standard scientific tool for 'soft' research, allowing scientists to conduct a preliminary analysis before committing to a full-blown study or experiment.
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A factorial design> is often used by scientists wishing to understand the effect of two or more independent variables upon a single dependent variable.

Monday, October 12, 2009

The philippines

The original inhabitants of the Philippines were ancestors of the Negritos, or Aeta, small people with dark skin and curly brown hair, who migrated from Borneo, Sumatra, and Malaya over 30,000 years ago. In the 14th century, Arabs introduced Islam to the southern islands and it progressed all the way up to Luzon, the largest island in the north of the Philippines. Ferdinand Magellan led the Spaniards to the islands in 1521 and Spain ruled the country for the next 327 years. The Spanish are responsible for introducing Christianity to the Philippines, which is the most prominent religion to this day.
The Americans entered the Philippines in 1898 and bought the country from the Spanish for 20 million dollars. Education became the main agenda for the Americans while ruling the Philippines and as a result, many schools were built during this time.

Japan attacked the Philippines in 1941 without warning during World War II. The Japanese occupied the country until they were defeated in 1944 when General Douglas MacArthur and his fleet landed at the beaches in Palo, Leyte. His troops along with the Filipino guerillas claimed the Philippines again from the hands of the Japanese. The Americans gave the Philippines its Independence on July 4th 1946.

Philippine History

@The Philippines (Filipino: Pilipinas [pɪlɪˈpinɐs]) officially known as the Republic of the Philippines, is a country in Southeast Asia with Manila as its capital city. It comprises 7,107 islands[9] in the western Pacific Ocean.

Saturday, July 25, 2009

"Success"

“The road to success is not straight. There is a curve called Failure, a loop called Confusion, speed bumps called Friends, red lights called Enemies, caution lights called Family. You will have flats called Jobs. But, if you have a spare called Determination, an engine called Perseverance, insurance called Faith, you will make it to a place called Success. “